The American Health Foundation: Sieg Heil!

"A world-renowned New York cancer-research institute has gone broke and abruptly closed its doors after years of lavish spending on executive salaries of up to $400,000 and fancy Fifth Avenue headquarters... Lawyers at the U.S. Justice Department are now fighting in Bankruptcy Court to get the government's millions back. Employees say the Labor Department is investigating whether six months of missing pension contributions were diverted for other expenses. 'We were all kept in the dark,' said Richard Kalikow, a real estate manager and member of the institute's board of trustees.... It laid off all 95 employees and cut off their health insurance... A court-appointed bankruptcy trustee, Hobart Truesdale, is sifting through millions of dollars in claims, including nearly $500,000 owed to New York Medical College, $238,000 in Con Ed bills and $57,000 in unpaid rent." (Cancer Scandal, by Susan Edelman. New York Post, Oct. 3, 2004.)

"Most of IFCP's money comes from the federal government, and an audit performed last spring showed that it had overdrawn its federal grant money by $5.7 million. 'They have taken $5.7 million and spent that on things other than grant-related research, 'said Michael Miller, a spokesman for the National Cancer Institute, the government's main agency for funding cancer research. 'Yes, indeed, they do owe those funds.' The Institute has gotten into trouble before over funding issues. In 2000, it agreed to pay nearly $4 million to settle civil charges that it improperly used federal money." Cancer Institute May Shut, by Melissa Klein. New York Journal News, Sep. 11, 2004. Sen. Chuck Schumer (D-NY) bragged of how he got them $6 million for research on cancer-Alzheimer's disease links [???], to be conducted by Dr. Paul Greengard of the Rockefeller University (Schumer Press Release, Feb. 11, 2004).

In 1997, the American Health Foundation got $11 million from the NIH; The RAND Corporation got $11 million; Johns Hopkins University got $292 million; the University of California at San Francisco got $215 million; Harvard University got $180 million.

Caveat - Don't bother succumbing to delusions that the government has suddenly seen the light of moral rectitude. The IFCP probably failed to make sufficiently large donations to the Repuglican Party!

Statement of Purpose of The American Health Foundation by its founder, Dr. Ernst L. Wynder: "The more we learn of the conditions which lead to disease, the more we realize that good health care is an obligation which every person owes himself, his familty and society. It is an obligation which must be accepted by parents toward their children and by each person towards himself -- but unhappily, it is an obligation which most people fail to accept." This is a clear statement of the totalitarian ideology that "the individual belongs to the State," which is diametrically opposed to the ideals of a free society. And as a native of Nazi Germany, Wynder got his ideology - as well as his pseudo-science - straight from the source! (Statement of Purpose, American Health Foundation, probable date 1971.)

From the obituary of George James MD of Mount Sinai Medical Center in New York, the late Chairman of the Board of Scientific Consultants of AHF: "Again, only a few months ago he told the readers of this newsletter: 'Our job at the American Health Foundation... is to make coronary heart disease unacceptable. If it is really unacceptable, and if from that we go to certain risk factors and start making them unacceptable, then the pressures build up." This is a perfect statement of the Hegelian mentality of health fascists in general and the anti-smoking movement in particular. Contrary to their delusions, it doesn't improve health in the real world: "Ironically, at age 56 he died -- of coronary heart disease." Needless to say, these true-believing fanatics have been neither dissuaded from blaming the victims nor persuaded to seek other explanations. Health fascists refuse to believe that infections cause heart disease. (In Memorium: George James. American Health Foundation Newsletter 1972 AprilMay;4(2).)

In the true spirit of fascism/national socialism, Wynder set out to recruit big business to his cause.

Trustees of the American Health Foundation

The "Safer Cigarette" Scam

Anti-smoker disinfo fraudulently pretends that 'Philip Morris tried to manipulate' Wynder.

"THE CULLMAN RATIONALE (tell us what the problem is and we'll get rid of it): plainly this is extremely naive and disingenuous since smoking has been 'CAUSALLY ASSOCIATED' [SIC] w/cancer in 7 body sites.... plainly a complex problem & process & the damage is undeniable [sic], so naive to think there's an 'it' that singly can be lifted out from the 4,000 or so compounds, many combos of which may trigger the disease process...many diff. agents & components in the smoke -- as JosIII must know" (Richard Kluger interview with Dietrich Hoffmann, May 31, 1991, from his notes for the book "Ashes to Ashes"). "Jos III" refers to Joseph Cullman 3d, the head of Philip Morris. He tries to pin all the blame on Cullman, who was not a scientist, while ignoring the fact that Wynder and Hoffmann obtained money not only from Philip Morris but also from the U.S. taxpayers, for research whose only real point was to manufacture propaganda.

"Study objective: To highlight strategies used by the Philip Morris tobacco company to try to manipulate the eminent scientist, Dr Ernst Wynder between 1955 and 1995." (Chasing Ernst L Wynder: 40 years of Philip Morris’ efforts to influence a leading scientist. N Fields and S Chapman. Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health 2003 Aug;57(8):571-578.)

This research was, in fact a mandate of "Work Group 9: Government Action and Legislation" of the American Cancer Society's first "World Conference on Smoking and Health" in 1967, engineered by Clifton Read, an Office of War Information crony of William J. Donovan who was publicity director for both the ACS and its predecessor, the ASCC. Wynder himself headed "Work Group 3, Towards A Less Harmful Cigarette."

This so-called "safer cigarette" program of the National Cancer Institute and its fundees at the American Health Foundation was just a pretext for anti-smoking propaganda and future lawsuits - nothing but sucker-bait to trick smokers into supporting them - prominently including the supposed smokers' rights group, FORCES.

"Dr. Baker expressed concern over the fact that the appropriation by the Government for the TWG program is only $886,000. He feels that this is much too low although he will be able to channel funds from other sources into this program." He also called attention to the Lasker group which was at that very moment lobbying for the National Cancer Act. Dr. Carl G. Baker was the chairman of the Tobacco Working Group and the new Director of the National Cancer Institute. "Early thls year, Dr. Wynder, President of the American Health Foundation, had called together a number of scientists and medical people wbose mission would be, as he put it, "to accomplish a less harmful cigaratte." Dr. Wynder pointed out that in organizing the meeting, he had excluded all scientists who were associated directly with a tobacco company. The Committee was subdivided into four groups, namely, a Biological Subcommittee - Dr. Humberto Saffiotti, Chairman; a Chemical Subcommittee - Dr. Dietrich Hoffman, Chairman; an Epidemiology Subcommittee - Dr. I. D. J. Bross, Chairman; and a Cardivascular Subcommittee - Dr. E. A. Murphy....He claims that his studies on humans show that as exposure to tar decreases, the risk of lung cancer decreases also. The exposure to tar, as stated by him, can he decreased by (1) switching from nonfilter to filter cigarettes, (2) Smoking fewer cigarettes, and (3) complete cessation of smoking." The Cardiovascular group was concerned only about effects of carbon monoxide and/or nicotine. The AHF was clearly designed only to indict smoking and not to look for alternative explanations. "Dr. Wynder was appalled at the amount of money that was being spent, by both the AMA and the CTR, on what he regarded as an uncoordinated effort. He feels that if all of the money being spent by the AMA, the CTR, and the NCI were pooled and the effort coordinated, 'a safer cigarette would be realized more quickly.'" (Minutes of Nov. 9-10, 1970, Tobacco Working Goup meeting. M. Senkus.)

The tobacco industry slavishly pandered to the anti-smokers' precepts and put lower tar cigarettes on the market - then, years later, the anti-smokers sued the tobacco industry for supposedly deceiving the public: "The lawsuit tested a new legal approach, with claims that the world's biggest tobacco company lied to smokers about the health risks associated with low-tar products." But the worthless lawyer for Philip Morris, John Phillips, only whined about jury instructions and legal errors instead of setting the historical record straight! (Philip Morris must pay $150 Mln in Smoker's Death (Update4). By William Quinlan. Bloomberg News 2002 Mar 22.)

In fact, Philip Morris and Ernst Wynder were both agents of the anti-smoker health establishment conspiracy, collaborating to hype the chemical carcinogenesis dogma while ignoring the role of infection in diseases blamed on smoking. Anti-smoker Mary Woodard Lasker's own stepson was on the board of Philip Morris, as were cronies of John Hay Whitney and Benno Schmidt, who was Mary's ally in the National Cancer Act of 1971 and a member of the National Cancer Advisory Board. Meanwhile, the trustees of Memorial Hospital and the Sloat-Kettering Institute included John Mercer Walker, Skull & Bones 1931, an uncle of President George Herbert Walker Bush (S&B 1948), who came to it in 1952; and numerous trustees with close ties to Bones and the Guaranty Trust. Members of Bones have supervised all the anti-smokers' major projects, including the first Surgeon General Report and those subsequent to it, right down to the federal lawsuit against the tobacco companies in 2005! Wynder's involvement in numerous major anti-smoking activities establishes his credentials as a member in good standing of the corrupt, quack-controlled U.S. health establishment. Furthermore, Wynder was a former intelligence officer, and the American Health Foundation itself was located in the CIA-infested Ford Foundation building!

In 1979, the "Banbury Report 3 - A Safe Cigarette?," was concocted by contractors to the National Cancer Institute tobacco program.

The less harmful cigarette: a controversial issue, a tribute to Ernst L. Wynder. D Hoffmann, I Hoffmann, K El-Bayoumy. Chem Res Toxicol 2001 Jul;14(7):767-790.

Founded in 1969 by Ernst L. Wynder, Dietrich Hoffmann, and John H. Weisburger, the AHF epitomizes the Lasker Syndicate ideology of blaming chemical carcinogenesis and ignoring viruses. They have received massive National Cancer Institute and American Cancer Society funding over the years to propagandize against dietary fat and smoking, including the well-known drivel about anti-oxidants, nitrosamines, and pesticides. Wynder's biography at AHF "credits" him with the lie that "30% of all early deaths from cancer are attributable to smoking," which is a product of corrupt science that exploits confounding by infection. Hoffmann is an associate of Stephen S. Hecht. They have received lots of support from the tobacco industry as well, which has given rise to false claims that they are tobacco industry stooges. In fact, their junk not only does not challenge the Lasker status quo; it helps maintain their hegemony while doing nothing for smokers. The powerful influence of AHF (along with Gio Bata Gori, who also had much NCI support) has been the main driving force behind the "less hazardous cigarette" red herring. (Dead link: http://www.ahf.org/aboutus/founders.html)

"U of M Cancer Researcher Honored for Tobacco Research. Hecht's research warns non-smokers and ex-smokers to 'be militant in objecting to second-hand smoke' to prevent cancer." "Stephen Hecht, PhD, will share the prestigious Alton Ochsner Award Relating Smoking and Health with Dietrich Hoffmann, PhD, for their research into the mechanisms by which tobacco-related carcinogens cause cancer in the human body." (In fact they established nothing and merely came up with a novel yarn.)

Wynder's biography shows that he was born in 1922 in Herford, Germany. He came to the US in 1938 and served in the US Army Intelligence Corps from 1943 to 1945. He interned at George Washington University Hospital in 1950-51; was a resident at Memorial Hospital for Cancer and Allied Diseases from 1951 to 1954; taught preventive medicine at the Sloan-Kettering Division, Cornell University Medical School from 1954-69; and was a physician at Memorial from 1954 until 1969, when he founded the American Health Foundation. He was a consulting epidemiologist for Memorial from 1969 until at least 1992, and Clinical Professor of Community and Preventive Medicine at New York Medical College, Valhalla, since 1990.

Wynder studied under Evarts A. Graham, whose famous pioneering pneumonectomy patient in 1933 clearly showed evidence that infection was involved in his disease. But Dietrich and Ilse Hoffmann gush that "His keen [sic!] observation of necropsy specimens led him to suspect that many of those diagnosed as having died from lung cancer must have had a history of cigarette smoking," which could be inferred from the fact that many people in general had a history of cigarette smoking without the necessity of necropsy specimens; and: "Ernst Wynder clearly saw that 80-95% of cancer and various other chronic diseases were in the end man made and, therefore, preventable" - a lie based on more than six decades of suppression of research on infection and deliberate use of defective studies in order to falsely blame lifestyle and chemicals. (Ernst L. Wynder MD DrSc hc (mult) Dr med hc, 1922-1999. Tobacco Control 1999 Winter;8:444-445.)

Wynder was the star of a panel presentation on "The Harmful Effects of Tobacco," presented at the Practitioners' Conference, New York Hospital-Cornell Medical Center, Dec. 2, 1953. (New York Medicine, May 5, 1954, pp. 356-358, 369-380.)

Freddy Homburger to Dr. Wakeham, Oct. 27, 1967. "You may be interested in the recommendations of Work Group No. 3 of the World Conference on Smoking and Health, which is enclosed. With best regards, Freddy." This was EL Wynder's group. The enclosed document also declares that "The eventual goal here is to determine if smoking can be made socially unacceptable." The Mary Lasker papers collection includes 12 folders of correspondence between her and Homburger, dating from 1948 to 1959. His correspondence with Florence Mahoney extends from 1960 to 1976.

Summary of a report by EL Wynder to the NCI Tobacco Working Group on the first meeting of his "International Study Group on Tobacco and Health Research," on or about Oct. 22-23, 1970, in New York City. Present include Oscar Auerbach; Irwin Bross; Dietrich Hoffmann; Umberto Saffiotti; TC Tso; BL Van Duuren; EL Wynder. "The chemists discussed one of Dr. Wynder's pet subjects -- what chemical indicators might be used to predict biological activity."

Transcript - US Senate Committee on Commerce, Subcommittee for Consumers, Sen. Frank E. Moss, Chairman, Feb. 10, 1972 Hearing on S.1454, to amend the Public Health Cigarette Smoking Act to require FTC to establish maximum levels of tar and nicotine.

AHF Washington, DC Division

Members of this phalange included Evans W. North, managing director; Dr. Harold G. Quase, president, also president of Underwater Storage Inc. and an activist in UNICEF, Big Brothers and the Multiple Sclerosis Society; Frank A. Gunther, treasurer, board chairman and CEO of Security National Bank. Members of the Executive Committee included Clarence G. Adamy, president of the National Association of Food Chains; Julius Cahn, president of Family Health Communications [also a Trustee of the AHF]; Dr. Paul B. Cornely, medical executive of United Mine Workers; Charles Lockyer, president of Publishers Company Inc.; Dr. Jack Miller, chairman and professor of the Dept. of Epidemiology and Environmental Health at George Washington School of Medicine; Capt. J.J. O'Donnell, president of the Air Line Pilots Association and captain for Eastern Airlines; Vincent Pepper, senior partner of Smith and Pepper; Tait C. Russell, director of public relations, Investment Company Institute; and Frank Wall, IBM manager of Community relations, Metropolitan Washington Area. (Election of Officers and Executive Committee Announced by AHF's Washington D.C. Division. AHF Newsletter 1972 Apr/May;4(1):2.) The AHF Board of Scientific Consultants included Lester Breslow, anti-smoker ETS study author Takeshi Hirayama, and Elizabeth Whelan's ACSH crony, Dr. Fredrick J. Stare.

AHF and MRFIT

"AHF Participating in NHLI Intervention Trial For the Prevention of Coronary Heart Disease. A contract awarding $385,990 to The American Health Foundation has been received from the National Heart & Lung Institute. It was granted to authorize and underwrite AHF's participation in the first year of a new six-year research project called the 'Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial for Prevention of Coronary Heart Disease.'

"Directing the AHF research team on this project will be Dr. Ernst L. Wynder, principal invesigator; and Dr. Peter B. Peacock, project director. Dr. Peter Hill of the AHF Health Research Institute will head a group responsible for blood chemistry determinations, which includes specialists in the following health care areas: Donald T. Fredrickson, M.D., smoking cessation; Herbert Spiegel, M.D., behavioral aspects; Mrs. Jane Baldwin, M.S., nutrition; and Richard P. Ames, M.D., hypertension." (AHF Newsletter 1972 Oct;4(2):1.) The AHF Board of Scientific Consultants included Lester Breslow, anti-smoker ETS author Takeshi Hirayama, and Elizabeth Whelan's ACSH crony, Fredrick J. Stare. Its new chairman, Edmund D. Pellegrino, replaced George James, who died of a coronary despite his efforts to prevent coronaries by making them socially unacceptable. And, despite the vast sums of money expended on it, the MRFIT trial was a complete bust, with the Intervention group showing no benefits over the Usual Care group.

Children's Television Workshop

Wynder was a member of the Advisors and Task Force of "Feeling Good," a series of 26 hour-long programs by the Children's Television Workshop, which aired on 250 Public Broadcasting Service TV stations in 1974-75. Joan Ganz Cooney, now a director of Johnson & Johnson, was president of CTW, and Ruby Hearn of the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation was director of content development. Other Advisors and Task Force Members included Lester Breslow; Douglass Cater of the Aspen Institute; Jacob Feldman, then at the Harvard School of Public Health (and numerous others affiliated with HSPH); former Assistant Secretary for Health Philip R. Lee; Charles LeMaistre, Chancellor of of the University of Texas System; Bayless Manning, president of the CFR; Robert Manning, editor of the Atlantic Monthly; Gerard Piel, publisher of Scientific American; future Surgeon General Julius Richmond; Steven Schroeder, former head of the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, then Medical Director of the George Washington University Health Plan; and Victor Weingarten, director of the President's Committee on Health Education.

NCI Carcinogenesis Program

Hierarchy of the Tobacco Segment of the NCI Carcinogenesis Program - The Carcinogenesis Advisory Panel included future trustees of the AHF, Peter Magee and Arthur Upton, and CTR member Paul Kotin. Future AHF Research Director John Weisburger was Director of the Bioassay Segment, and Ernst Wynder was a member of the Tobacco Research Segment Advisory Group. The NCI Carcinogenesis Program originated in 1961 with a research group formed by John Weisburger and his wife Elizabeth, who remained at NCI. (First Annual Collaborative Conference, El Tropicana Motel, San Antonio, TX, Oct. 2-4, 1972.)

Wynder was on the list of proposed membership of the 1973 NCI-NHLI Ad Hoc Committee on Smoking and Health. Other proposed members included Mary Lasker; Emerson Foote of the American Cancer Society; Gio Gori; Daniel Horn of the National Clearinghouse for Smoking and Health; Laurance Rockefeller; venture capitalist Benno Schmidt; and former Surgeon General Luther Terry.

"Antismoking crusader Mary Lasker received the "Life Line" award from Wynder's American Health Foundation. Said David Mahoney, AHF board chairman, 'She's been more influential in the whole business of health than any man or woman in the world today." (Tobacco Institute Newsletter No. 101, June 24, 1974.)

Report on luncheon meeting with Dr. Ernst Wynder of AHF, from Saul Warshaw to Bill Ruder, June 19, 1974. Attendees: Wynder; Mrs. Louise Mahoney " (no relation to David);" Mrs. Eva Weir; Richard Klarberg; Henry McIntyre. "Mrs. Weir, who said very little, appeared to be a committed young socialite. Mr. Klarberg is the house counsel for the Foundation.... The specific purpose of the luncheon as it finally came out toward the end of the session, was that Dr. Wynder is looking to reconstitute, upgrade and strengthen his board of directors because the current members -- which include Dave Mahoney and Bill Leavitt -- really have been serving in the main part because they are friends of his. What he wants now are movers and shakers who don't necessarily have to be big money people themselves, but who are well connected in the power structure. I believe Henry McIntyre invited you to the luncheon because he saw you playing that sort of role."

Proceedings of the Third World Conference on Smoking and Health, New York City, June 2-5, 1975. "Smoking and Health. 1. Modifying the Risk to the Smoker." Workshop Chairman: EL Wynder. Sponsored by the ACS and NCI in cooperation with the AHA, ALA, AMA, Health Education Council of the UK, International Union Against Cancer, NCI of Canada, National Clearinghouse for Smoking and Health, National Heart & Lung Institute (now NHLBI), National Interagency Council on Smoking and Health, Pan American Health Organization, and WHO.

Wynder was appointed a member of the American Cancer Society's "Task Force on Tobacco and Cancer" in June 1975. (Task Force on Tobacco and Cancer. Target 5. Report to the Board of Directors. American Cancer Society, 1975.)

A Tobacco Institute report on Wynder's career, September 1976. "In late 1969 Wynder joined the American Health Foundation, which had recently changed its name from Environmental Health Foundation, just down the street from Sloan-Kettering. As president and medical director of the 4-year-old self-styled voluntary health association, Wynder became chief promoter and fund-raiser. AHF got a new identifying logo, launched a newsletter and kicked off membership drives in Washington and Los Angeles with cocktail parties and dinners hosted by socialites and industrialists. A year later Wynder, cohost with builder William Levitt and Mrs. Eleanor Naylor Dana, celebrated at a luncheon at New York's St. Regis AHF's new Preventive Medicine Laboratory.

"There was announcement shortly of an annual Eleanor Dana Award for outstanding contribution to preventive medicine and groundbreaking for a new $6 million research center, the Naylor Dana Institute of Disease Prevention in New York's Westchester County, with a $2.4 million building grant from the National Cancer Institute.

"Wynder, who at Sloan-Kettering had had strong support from the National Institutes of Health, brought more grants and contracts to AHF and by 1975 AHF was getting about $3 million yearly for projects in cancer control and prevention, environmental carcinogenesis, digestive tract cancer and quit-smoking techniques. The foundation has had additional contracts with the Department of Agriculture, to look at tobacco growth stimulants, and with the Food and Drug Administration for a study of the effect of radar exposure on helicopter pilots, and grants for major heart and cancer studies from government and the American Cancer Society.

"He was quoted in Munich in 1974 as believing that the cigarette plays a role in 40 percent of all cancers. He said researchers are clear that cancers of the esophagus, larynx, pancreas, bladder, kidneys, colon and lungs are connected with smoking."

Ford Foundation ties

Kluger also noted that the AHF has a location "in Ford Foundation bldg in NYC," which is at 320 East 43rd Street. This building was constructed between 1963 and 1968, and AHF correspondence began listing this address around 1978. (Address shown, Richard B. Klarberg of AHF to Robert B. Seligman, Vice President of Research and Development, Philip Morris, May 12, 1978.)

AHF Trustee (1990-91) Stanley Brezenoff had been Program Officer for the Ford Foundation's National Affairs, Government and Law and Social Policy Divisions, prior to his positions with the City of New York which began circa 1978.

Franklin A. Thomas, a director of Cummins Engine Co. since 1973, was President and Chief Executive Officer of the Ford Foundation from 1979 to 1996. Thomas had also been a NYC Police Commissioner, and the President and CEO of the Bedford Stuyvesant Restoration Corp. from 1967 to 1977.

Editorial

Wynder was the Editor-In-Chief of Preventive Medicine from 1972 until his death. Charles B. Arnold, Vice President of Research for the AHF, also a Trustee and Director of the Mahoney Institute, was Senior Associate Editor; and consultants included Lester Breslow and Leon Gordis. They were part of the powerful health fascist cabal encouraging ETS hysteria. (Proceedings of the International Symposium on Medical Perspectives on Passive Smoking. Preventive Medicine 1984 Nov;13(6).)

From 1978 until his death, Wynder was on the Editorial Board of Nutrition and Cancer, of which Gio B. Gori was the Editor. D. Mark Hegsted, professors of nutrition at Harvard; and Takeshi Hirayama, of later ETS study infamy, were fellow board members. Roswell K. Boutwell, who became a member of the CTR Scientific Advisory Board from 1980-84 and 1986-89?, was an associate editor.

Wynder participated in the Conference on the Primary Prevention of Cancer: Assessment of Risk Factors and Future Directions, at the American Health Foundation, June 7-8, 1979. Besides the contingent from the AHF (Wynder plus Dietrich Hoffmann, John H. Weisburger, Charles B. Arnold), participants included NCI Director Arthur Upton; LaSalle D. Leffall Jr. (future AHF Trustee), E. Cuyler Hammond, and Lawrence Garfinkel of the ACS; Gio B. Gori and T.C. Tso of the Tobacco Program; Paul D. Stolley and D. Mark Hegsted, food fascists from Harvard University; Henry T. Lynch, a member of the CTR Scientific Advisory Board in 1996; and a contingent from Deutsche Krebshilfe in Germany, which co-sponsored the event.

The Banbury Report 3

Cold Spring Harbor - Banbury Center Meeting, Oct. 22, 1979. "Banbury Report 3 - A Safe Cigarette?" edited by Gio B. Gori of the NCI and Fred G. Bock of Roswell Park Memorial Institute. This report is hyped by certain people who pretend they're advocating for smokers' rights, but they're really just helping to lobby for health fascism. This memo by CH Keith notes that "there was a heavy representation of contractors to the NCI tobacco program" at the conference. This is a CLUE! And: "Although it is claimed that the meeting was initiated as part of a series of environmental conferences by Dr. James Watson (Director of CSH Laboratory and member of the Cancer Advisory Board), it appears as though Ernst Wynder and Gio Gori were the prime instigators and movers of the conference. Incidentally Gori seems to be partially back in the good graces of the NCI working as an assistant to the director, Arthur Upton, but has not regained titular control of the tobacco program, whose continued funding is still uncertain. The program is currently under the wing of Dr. Diane Fisk, Associate Director of NCI."

[Gori headed the NCI's "smoking and Health" program since its beginning in 1970. His controversies include using the term "tolerable" in reference to low-tar cigarettes, which drew hysterical attacks from Sidney Wolfe of the Ralph Nader Health Research Group, NCI Director Arthur Upton (later a Trustee of AHF), and HEW Secretary Joseph Califano. He previously got "a tirade" from Cancer Panel Chairman Benno Schmidt, and the disfavor of NIH Director Donald Fredrickson, for attempting to independently appeal to Congress for funding for NCI's Diet, Nutrition and Cancer Program. (Gori gets into another controversy at a time when he did not need one. The Cancer Letter 1978 Aug. 18;4(33).]

The Banbury Report 3 was never anything but a ploy to use the tobacco industry's money to fund anti-smoking propaganda, under the phony pretext of research on a safer cigarette. Some chapters from the tobacco documents:

Some concepts of the less harmful cigarette. EL Wynder. Pages 3-12.

Nondetectable risk levels in cigarette smoking. CJ Lynch, GB Gori. Pages 37-48.

Carcinogens, cocarcinogens, and tumour inhibitors in cigarette smoke condensate. BL Van Duuren. Pages 105-112.

The role of volatile and nonvolatile N-nitrosamines in tobacco carcinogenesis. CB Chen, SS Hecht, D Hoffmann. Pages 112-127.

Cocarcinogenic properties of nicotine. FG Bock. Pages 129-139.

A Safe Cigarette? Changes in bronchial epithelium: Then and now. O Auerbach, EC Hammond, L Garfinkel. Pages 141-155.

Risk reduction achievements and future directions. MAH Russell. Pages 157-177.

Modification through agricultural techniques for developing a safer tobacco. TC Tso. Pages 181-190.

Reconstituted sheet a safe cigarette? WA Selke. Pages 205-213.

The less harmful cigarette and tobacco smoke flavors. EJ LaVoie, SS Hecht, D Hoffmann, EL Wynder. Pages 251-260.

Diminished smoking, withdrawal symptoms, and cessation: A cautionary note. SM Schiffman. Pages 283-296.

The case for medium-nicotine, low-tar, low-carbon monoxide cigarettes. MAH Russell. Pages 297-307.

Public policy issues in the promotion of less hazardous cigarettes. JE Harris. Pages 333-340.

A summary appraisal. GB Gori. Pages 353-359.

Interactions between smoking and other exposures: occupation and diet. SD Stellman. Pages 377-395.

"Preventive Oncology," 1980

"In April 1980, a group of scientists met with the American Health Foundation Staff and Dr. Vincent DeVita, the Acting Director of the National Cancer Institute, to define preventive oncology and how preventive oncology could best evolve with the National Cancer Program. An additional participant in the afternoon session of the conference was Dr. Joshua Lederberg, President of the Rockefeller University." Charles LeMaistre and Ernst L. Wynder were chairmen. Other participants included Lester Breslow, Arthur Upton, and John Weisburger. (Editorial: Preventive Oncology and the National Cancer Program. Prev Med 1980 Nov;9(6):823-825.)

Program Advisory Group on Passive Smoking, 1981

Wynder was Chairman of the NCI's Ad Hoc Program Advisory Group on Passive Smoking in 1981. Participants included AHF Associate Director Dietrich Hoffmann, Thomas Osdene of Philip Morris, Alexander Spears of Lorillard, Lawrence Garfinkel of the ACS, and Michael Guerin of ORNL. Observers included Berton Freedman and A. Judson Wells of the American :Lung Association, and Peter Greenwald of the New York State Health Department. The meeting was attended by representatives of the National Cancer Institute, NINCDS, and Public Health Service.

1981 National Conference on Smoking or Health - Developing A Blueprint for Action

Heather Walter, MD, MPH, Associate Director of the Mahoney Institute, participated in Work Group 1, "Prevention of Smoking Through Comprehensive School Health Education," of the National Conference on Smoking or Health - Developing a Blueprint for Action, Nov. 18, 1981.

Don Powell, PhD, Regional Director of Health Promotion Services of the AHF, participated in Work Group 2, "Use of 'High Risk' Concept in Smoking Control," whose Group Leader was Lester Breslow.

Marvin M. Kristein, PhD, Consultant in Health Economics for the AHF, participated in Work Group 4, "Smoking Control in the Workplace." Its Group Leader was Robert Beck, Director of Benefits and Personnel Services of the IBM Corporation.

Work Group 10, "Future Strategies for the Changing Cigarette," was a veritable convention for the AHF and NCI Tobacco Program cronies. Samuel Battista, Gio B. Gori, Michael R. Guerin, Dietrich Hoffmann, T.C. Tso, and Ernst L. Wynder were participants, as were William P. Castelli of the Framingham Heart Study, Lawrence Garfinkel of the ACS, Abraham Lilienfeld of the Johns Hopkins School of Hygiene and Public Health (Leon Gordis's predecessor), and James L. Repace, inventor of fraudulent ETS deaths.

Wynder assisted in the Office of Technology Assessment project on "Technology Transfer at the National Institutes of Health" in 1982. Other participants included David Baltimore, Lester Breslow, Sir Richard Doll, Maureen Henderson, Joshua Lederberg, Benno Schmidt, and Arthur Upton.

Blue Cross/Blue Shield of Indiana

The American Health Foundation developed the anti-smoking program for Blue Cross/Blue Shield of Indiana. (Review and evaluation of smoking cessation methods - the United States and Canada, 1978-1985. By Jerome L. Schwartz of the National Cancer Institute, Division of Cancer Prevention and Control. US DHHS, April 1987.)

In 1990, the Metropolitan Life Insurance Company sponsored a conference on "Cancer Prevention for Black Americans: Risks and Reality." Former AHF trustee Charles B. Arnold, now medical director of MetLife and editor-in-chief of the company's Statistical Bulletin, was chairman. Secretary of Health and Human Services Louis W. Sullivan bashed smoking. New York City Health Commissioner Dr. Woodrow A. Myers (who was the Indiana Health Commisoner from 1985 to 1990) and Margaret A. Hamburg, deputy commissioner for Policy Research, New York City Department of Health, attended, along with Arnold's old friends from the AHF, Gary M. Williams and Ernst Wynder. (Black Americans' soaring cancer rates can be lowered by by preventive medicine. PRNewswire, Oct. 11, 1990.)

Wynder has been chairman of the National Institutes of Health's National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine.

Some old studies by Wynder in the tobacco documents

Tobacco smoking as a possible etiologic factor in bronchiogenic carcinoma. EL Wynder, EA Graham. JAMA 1950 May 27;143(4):329-337.

Studies on Lung Cancer in Relation to Smoking. E.L. Wynder. Proceedings of the Cancer Prevention Committee of the American Medical Association, 1952, pp. 34-43. (A.M.A. Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Medicine 1952 Mar;5:185-289.) Also inludes papers by E.C. Hammond and W.C. Hueper.

Lung cancer in women. A study of environmental factors. EL Wynder, IJ Bross, J Cornfield, WE O'Donnell. NEJM 1956 Dec 13;255(24):1111-1121. (Poor copy)

Laboratory Contributions to the Tobacco - Cancer Problem. EL Wynder. British Medical Journal 1959 Feb 7;5118:317-322.

Some Practical Aspects of the Smoking - Cancer Problem. EL Wynder, D Hoffmann. New England Journal of Medicine 1960 Mar 17;262:540-545.

An Appraisal of the Smoking-Lung Cancer Issue. EL Wynder. New England Journal of Medicine 1961 Jun 15;264(24):1235-1240. Followed by CC Little, Some Phases of the Problem of Smoking and Lung Cancer, 1241-1245. The entire June 15, 1961 issue of NEJM is here.

Some laboratory and epidemiological aspects of air pollution carcinogenesis. EL Wynder, D Hoffmann. Journal of the Air Pollution Control Association 1965 Apr;15(4):155-159.

Studies on the Reduction of Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Cigarette Smoke [draft]. By G. Rathkamp, D. Hoffmann, and E. L. Wynder, Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research New York, New York. *To be presented at The 20th Tobacco Chemists' Research Conference, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, November 1-3, 1966.

Chemical Analysis of Tobacco Smoke and Tobacco Condensate. Extract from Selected Laboratory Methods in Tobacco Carcinogenesis", by E.L. Wynder and D. Hoffmann from: "Methods in Cancer Research", Vol. II, in print. Editor: M. Busch.

Cancer of the lung among nonsmokers. EL Wynder, JW Berg. Cancer 1967 Jul;20(7):1161-1172.

Experimental tobacco carcinogenesis. EL Wynder, D Hoffmann. Science 1968;162(3856):862-871.

The epidemiology of lung cancer. Recent trends. EL Wynder, K Mabuchi, EJ Beattie. JAMA 1970 Sep 26;213(13):2221-2228. Also publicity for Wynder's study touting low-tar cigarettes with Charles Kuralt, transcribed from WCBS in New York City, Oct. 20, 1970.

Less harmful ways of smoking. EL Wynder, D Hoffmann. JNCI 1972 Jun;48(5):1749-1758.

"Working Groups" in Cancer Etiology (letter). EL Wynder. Cancer Res 1974 June;34(6):1516-1518.

The etiology, epidemiology, and prevention of lung cancer. EL Wynder. Seminars in Respiratory Medicine 1982 Jan;3(3):135-139.

[Rats and hamsters as lung cancer models] In: Lung Cancer. A Series of Workshops on the Biology of Human Cancer. UICC Technical Report Series, Vol. 25, Report No. 3. E.L. Wynder, Chairman.

Correspondence: Radioactivity in Cigarette Smoke. NEJM 1982 Jul 29;337(5):509-513. EL Wynder and others.

Lung cancer in nonsmokers. GC Kabat, EL Wynder. Cancer 1984 Mar 1;53(5):

Commentary: Primary prevention of cancer: Planning and policy considerations. EL Wynder. JNCI 1991 Apr 3;83(7):475-478.

cast 03-29-08